mam bardzo fajną książeczkę "Speak American" gdzie są opisane różnice. Właśnie, opisane, a nie tylko podane - bardzo ciekawa lektura:D
większość jest poświęcona słownictwu, o gramatyce jest tylko trochę:
1) Prepositions:
If there is one thing that distinguishes speakers of American English from speakers of British English, it would have to be the use of prepositions. There are differences not only in the choice of proposition, but also in whether a preposition is used at al.
for example Americans say:
Susie fell down NOT Susie fell over.
They don't get along very well. NOT They don't get on very well.
Please help me do this NOT Please help me to do this.
etc.
2)The use of the definite article is another big difference between American and British English.
Americans say:
She is in the hospital. NOT She's in hospital.
In the future, please talk to me first. NOT In future, please talk to me first.
etc.
3) American English tends to use the simple past tense, whereas British English prefers the imprefect and the present perfect tenses. This does not mean that these other tenses are never used by Americans, but their use is usually limited to talking about actions that are finished by a specific time in the past.
4) Negatives usually put negative contractions in the helping verb in a sentence rather thatn contracting the helping verb with the pronoun.
Americans say:
I haven't seen her in ages NOT I've not seen her in ages.
5) Verbs
Americans use verbs taht express the action instead of using a singular noun to describe an action that is performed.
Americans say:
I'll talk to him tomorrow. NOT I'll have a word with him tomorrow.
We slept in on Sunday. NOT we had a lie-in on Sunday.
6) Get, Go, and Turn
Where British English uses 'go' with adjectives to describe transitions, American English tends to use 'get' or 'turn'
Americans say:
Your dinner's getting cold. NOT Your dinner's going cold.
7) Modals
Americans use 'should' and 'will' insead of 'shall', and 'shouldn't' instead of 'mustn't', yet they use 'would' where British English would use 'should'.
Americans say:
Let's go. NOT Shall we go.
We shouldn't do that. NOT We mustn't do that
8)Nouns
In American English, collective nouns usually take a singular verb, unless the members of a group are being spoken about as individuals.
Americans say:
My family is going to Europe this summer. NOT My family are going to Europe...
Ford is bringing out the new models soon. NOT Ford are bringing out the ....
!!Using a plural verb with a collective noun is another thing that will make you sound uneducated to an American.!!
in na koniec jedna z uwag, która mi sie bardzo podobała:
In American English if you say 'I reckon', you will sound like you are trying to imitatge a cowboy. Use 'I figure' or 'I think/guess/imagine'.