:.: FCE writing - Discursive Composition
Discursive Composition
Hints:
- State the problem/topic once again in the beginning of your
essay. Just assume that your reader doesn't know the question.
Do not start with: It is right (what is right?);
I agree/do not agree with this statement (what
statement?)
- Separate positive and negative aspects of the problem you discuss.
- Remember that here you take the floor. Your potential opponents
do not have the opportunity to present their ideas. It is your
task to present both yours and theirs and keep proper balance.
- Use linking words. They help to follow your way of reasoning.
The most common linking words are and, or
and but. You may want to interchange these
words with their more sophisticated counterparts in your essay.
Compare:
- AND is used when you want
to conjoin two similar ideas:
| He passed his
examinations |
therefore
as a result
accordingly
consequently
thus
hence |
he was admitted to the university. |
- OR is used when you want to
put two different ideas together or reformulate what you have
stated earlier:
In other words
To put it more simply
It would be better to say
To put it straightforwardly |
reformulation of what has come before |
- BUT appears when you need to
contrast one statement with another:
The time available
for writing
an essay was very limited. |
However,
Nevertheless,
Nonetheless,
Yet,
In spite of that,
All the same, |
it was still possible to present
the main ideas concerning the topic |
- refer back to the topic statement in your conclusion. It will
show that you treat your essay as a whole. Yet, it may be a good
idea to paraphrase this statement, not just to rewrite it.
- Do not use contractions!!!
|
|
Useful expressions:
Expressing opinions:
- I agree/ disagree with the above statement (that...)
- In my opinion...
- I believe that...
- I am in favour of...
- I am against the idea of...
- It seems to me that...
- I sympathize with...
Presenting and contrasting arguments:
- The main argument in favour/ against is...
- First of all I should like to consider...
- The first thing (I would like to consider) to be considered
is...
- In order to make the problem clear, I would like to present
some examples of ...
- Apart from that...
- Despite the fact that .../ In spite of...
- On the other hand...
- What is more...
- What matters most in this case is...
- It is a fact that...
- There is no doubt that...
Reasoning:
| sth happened |
- because of
- as a result of
- on account of
- owing to
- through
- due to
- as a consequence of
|
Concluding:
- To sum up/ altogether
- On this basis, I can conclude that...
- Given this, it can be concluded that...
- Having proved this, I would like to...
- In conclusion, I would like to stress that...
- All in all, I believe that...
|
Sample answer:
Q: Students should do a part-time job. Discuss. |
Aby dodać komentarz musisz być zalogowany. Nie masz jeszcze konta? Zarejestruj się
Komentarze
| Autor |
Komentarz |
Data |
| AluŚka |
Chcecie przykład? To macie. Akurat musiałam pisać no dodatkowym angielskim na ten temat. Nie jest to wprawdzie praca na jakieś wygórowane 90%, ale wydaje mi się że poziom jest przyzwoity.
A jak nie, to hmm trudno xD
Should students do a part- time job? In my opinion, it is nothing wrong.
First of all, it is a great opportunity of earning money. Only a few students do not have problems with money, because they get it from their parents. There is a public opinion that students are always poor, so this job, as a source of money, is a good solution.
There is no doubt that the job takes the students' free time, which they could spend on learning. However, if the employer is kind and understanding, it will not be a problem, because students can choose days and hours, when they can work. What is more, a part- time job can be a chance of meeting new people and spending time actively.
To sum up, I believe that the part- time jobs for students are a great idea. Although they take some time, they can be beneficial too. The only limit can be a lack of students' will to work.
Esh, boję się trochę, jutro mam writing itp.
Ale dam radę. Ważne żeby mieć te 60%. xP
Pozdrawiam. ^^ |
15 Cze 2007, 13:28 |
| conrado9006 |
a teraz omówienie. writing był sprawdzony przez nauczycielke, więc błędów nie ma. ważne żeby były:
-LINKING WORDS(first of all, secondly, furthermore, on the other hand, to conclude, all in all, consequently, for instance/for example, likewise, it is a fact that..., there are those who argue..., it is true, as far as I know ),
-każdy argument w osobnym paragrafie,
-introduction jasno przedstawia temat eseju,
- w conclusion tzeba powtórzyć opinię jeszcze raz,
- żeby praca wydawała się obiektywna w przedostatnim paragrafie trzeba umieścić argument przeciwników( i wykazać że nie maja racji :) )
-KAŻDY paragraf zaczyna się od topic sentence, która mówi o czym będzie cały ten paragraf,
-język FORMAL (brak skrótów, odpowiednie słownictwo, brak personal examples, brak powiedzeń i przysłów - to nie są agrumenty, troche generalizacji (MOST/ALMOST ALL people think...), ale nie za dużo (np. ALL people think..), i kilka innych rzeczy ...)
Napisze jeszcze pozostałe dwa typy: For and Against Esaay i Essey Suggesting Solutions to a Problem. |
3 Cze 2007, 15:49 |
| conrado9006 |
no to ja dam przykład. to jest akurat Opinion Essay: <<"The mass media have an adverse effect on moral standards" Do you agree?>>
The mass media, especially television and the Internet, are now the most important source of information. Every day they provide people with pieces of useful and valuable information. But in recent years informative and educational programmes have given way to immoral and sensational shows. Therefore, I agree that the mass media have an adverse effect on moral standards.
First of all, the television and other media do not respect the code of ethics. More and more TV programmes are bombarding people with vulgarism, sex and violence. Likewise, newspapers use images of death and grief to attract readers' attention. Consequently, we consider such behaviour as normal and we are becoming accustomed to this.
Secondly, newspapers have to use provocative language and striking pictures in order to guarantee high sales. For instance, almost every newspaper, especially the tabloid press, place pictures of celebrities' most private moments and notes about new political scandals on the front page.
Furthermore, the mass media have an extremely nagative effect on children. It is a fact that there is too much agression on TV. And as children learn mainly by imitating the bahaviour of the adult, the agression among the youth increases.
On the other hand, there are those who argue that television still maintained its educational and informative function. It is true that the mass media can offer us a lot of accurate information and entertainment. But as far as I know, such programmes are continually less shown on TV.
To conclude, it is fact that the mass media do not have much benficial effect on us. They constantly show us scenes full of violence and devastating images of death. But television and the newpapers will always have some adverse effect on us if earning money is media's sole aim. |
3 Cze 2007, 15:32 |
| coronel |
santiago miranda |
15 Lis 2006, 10:37 |
| Czartodziwa |
Szkoda ze nie trafilam na to przed moim FCE, moze wynik bylby wyzszy...:P Ale czy nie byloby dobrym pomyslem zamiescic cos takiego przy CAE lub CPE? Planuje CAE w grudniu i chcialabym poprawic moj writing. Wiem ze w wiekszosci przypadkow prace pisze sie wg tego samego schematu, ale zawsze jakies 'ladniejsze' przydatne slowka przy CAE by pomogly... |
11 Sie 2006, 18:58 |
| nata |
plis i want smone to help me i have to write a discursive composition about cigarettes and alcohol .i don t know how to start plis if someone has a good idea write it here |
1 Maj 2006, 22:06 |
| x |
mam coś na ten temat, ale w komputerze w pracy..mogę ci to jutro tu wkleić :) |
1 Lut 2006, 20:32 |
| Lila |
Musze napisac rozprawke na temat: "What are the advantages and disadventages of public health service in your country?". Hmm.. bylby ktos mi w stanie pomoc?:> przynajmniej w punktach wymienic wady i zalety? Jesli tak - bede baaaaaaaaaaaaaardzo wdzięczna!:):* Pomozcie!! |
30 Sty 2006, 19:25 |
| maggie |
ciekawy przykład podali autorzy stronki... szkoda ze teki króciuteńki;) |
16 Cze 2005, 19:54 |
| q |
tez jestem za przykladami.ktos nas w ogole slucha ??? |
24 Kwi 2005, 16:07 |
| Kasiseb |
Jest oki. Ale brakuje jednak więcej przykładów... |
24 Sty 2005, 16:55 |
| pic |
No wlasnie, prosimy o przyklad. :O |
15 Sty 2005, 20:42 |
| pomocna dłoń |
Nie ma sprawy. |
18 Cze 2004, 17:48 |
| angie |
:-*** wielkie dzięki! |
18 Cze 2004, 17:26 |
| pomocna dłoń |
Chyba wyręczę redakcję,ale lepiej późno niż wcale. Oto mała próbka wypracowania na zadany temat:
"Many people think that it is good for students to have part-time jobs.Others believe that it is better for them not to work at all.In this composition I will discuss both points of view and express my opinion on the matter.
Having a part-time job has a number of benefits.Firstly,it can provide extra income.This can be used to help pay for college fees or for renting accommodation.A second benefit is that students can gain work experience before they finish their studies.As a result they can get better permanent jobs later.
However,there are also disadvantages.The most important of these is that most students do not have much time to spend working.Furthermore,many part-time jobs involve working at night or at weekends when they should be resting.Finally, it is worth stating that part-time jobs are sometimes badly paid.
In my opinion,the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.The benefits of part-time work can be long term but the disadvantages are only temporary.students should find jobs if they can."
Cytat za FCE Gold.Pozdrawiam |
17 Cze 2004, 23:54 |
| angie |
już moglibyście napisać to composition, bo nie mam pojęcia jak to ma wyglądać...to ma być coć w stylu rozprawki????? |
17 Cze 2004, 18:32 |
| marcia |
very funny |
14 Cze 2004, 20:55 |
| ladybird |
Czy discursive composition moze byc takie krotkie jak w sample answer? :> |
12 Cze 2004, 22:37 |
:.: Reklama
|
:.: Reklama
:.: Słowniki
:.: Polecamy
Testy na słownictwo na podstawie artykułów.
:.: Słówko dnia
A people that values its privileges above its principles soon loses both.Dwight D. Eisenhower Inaugural Address, January 20, 1953
:.: Wyszukiwarka
:.: Forum
:.: Księga gości
księgarnia językowa
Biuro Podróży Warszawa
|
rozmawiaj po angielsku przez Skype
porozmawiaj po angielsku przez GaduGadu