Good Morning. Thank you for coming to my presentation. My name is jan Nowak and I’m going to talk to you about paper recycling.
Did you know that the average inhabitant of the World consumes annually about 50 kg of paper? Significant amount of this paper is stored as documents, books, notebooks, part of this is completely consumed as a paper towels, handkerchiefs but much of this is a waste. About 35% of municipal solid waste in landfills is paper and paper products
Therefore I would like to present how can we solve the problem of increasing landfill space and deforestation. I divided my presentation into three parts. On the beginning I would like to talk about of the production of paper and its impact on the environment, then I discuss paper recycling and its benefits.
This should only last seven minutes. I'd be glad to answer any questions at the end of my talk.
Paper is made from organic fibers, such as cellulose or wood pulp fibers. Basic raw material for production of paper is wood. Sometimes are used straw, flax, hemp, bamboo or cane. Large application in production of paper have also waste paper. The paper includes a variety of organic or inorganic fillers which improve paper properties such as smoothness or opacity.
Production of paper is divided into two major phases.
The first phase is the preparation of paper pulp.
It includes fragmentation and grinding of raw material, fraying, bleaching, the addition of fillers, mixing the masses).
The second phase is the manufacturing of sheets of paper. During this stage the pulp is poured on a wide screen in the shape of a moving belt, and next water is removed from pulp by pressing and drying.
Finally, the finished paper is wound into a giant roll and it is ready for use.
Manufacture of paper have an impact on our environment. Cutting down trees results in deforestation of many forest areas. Lots of animal and plant species lose their habitant. It is worth pointing out that the production of paper requires large amounts of water and energy, and pollutes the environment. Paper waste is left along the road or buried in the ground, break down very long. For example, newspaper decomposes after 3 to 12 months, bus ticket after 3 to 4 months.
But we have a solution to reduce these negative effects. it is the recycling of paper.
Paper recycling is the process of recovering waste paper and remaking it into new paper products. It is the most economical and ecological way to use waste paper. Depending on the technological possibilities, recovered paper and cardboard can be used secondarily for the production of various kind of paper and cardboard.
What paper products can be recycled?
newspapers, books in soft cover or after the removal of hard,
notebooks,
paper bags,
packing papar,
catalogs, brochures,
cardboard,
cuttings printing
What paper products can not be recycled?
package of any content,
painted or foiled paper from advertising brochures,
wallpaper
carbon paper,
thermal paper,
greasy and dirty paper,
sanitary articles,
Directions of use of products from recycling
production:
packaging
special cardboard
Graphic paper, especially newsprint
Sanitary paper (toilet and towels)
Stages of recycling paper
• The weighing and quality control
• cleaning
• Sorting per species
• Baling and transportation to the factories of paper or cardboard
• Dissolving in the special chemicals, which share waste into fibers
• Moving fibers on screen and draining water
• Ironing fibers
• Processing in the paper machine
Advantages of paper recycling
-Reducing deforestation
-Reducing landfill by reducing waste
-Reducing water consumption, energy (75%), air pollution (74%), industrial wastewater (35%) in the paper production process
Research shows that recycling 1 ton of paper saves
From 2.3 to 7 m3 of spaces in the landfill,
26 500 liters of water,
1 476 liters of oil,
4 200 kWh of energy.