Jestem bardzo kiepska z gramatyki a muszę zaprezentować ten temat na zajęciach, dlatego BARDZO PROSZĘ o pomoc. Dodam, że temat jest moim zdaniem bardzo interesujący :)
The Chechen Republic is a federal subject of Russia. It’s located in the southeastern part of Europe in the Northern Caucasus Mountains. Despite the declaration of independence in 1991 currently no country in the world recognize independence of Chechnya Public opinion in the world is divided. Some observers believe that Chechens defend the country’s independence from Russia, others believe that overriding law of the Russian Federation to preserve the integrity of its territory
Causes
North Caucasus is inhabited by over one hundred nations. The cause of conflicts in this area is primarily government policy of the Soviet Union, which was aimed at suppressing national aspirations of individual nations. Russian Federation cannot afford to liberate Chechnya because it would lead to fighting for independence. There are also important economic interests Russia through territory of Chechnya possess. One of the main traction of oil from Caspian Sea area.
RUSSIAN MILITARY ACTION
The First Chechen War occurred in a two year period lasting from 1994 to 1996, when Russian forces attempted to regain control over Chechens which had already established independence since November 1991 Russian forces were unable to establish effective permanent control over mountainous area due to many successful Chechens guerilla raids After conducting the counteroffensive by Chechens, Grozny was retaken 31 August 1996 un Chasawjurcie a truce finishing the First Chechen war was signed
SECOND CHECHEN WAR
7 August 1999 units commanded by Szamila of Basjew invaded Dagestan to establishing the Islamic caliphate on the Caucasus and bomb attacks in Moscow and Wolgodovish which Russian authorities accused Chechen separatists of were a reason of beginning the Second Chechen War.
Chechens attacks
Chechens conducted a brutal guerrilla war. I am going to tell you about two the most brutal terrorist attacks.
On June 14, 1995, a group of Chechen separatists led by Shamil Basayev attacked the Budionnowsk. The attack was well planned. Groups of 150 Chechens seized and set fire to the building where the local militia officers had barricaded themselves. Chechens put the hostages in a hospital, where they presented their demands, which was the main ceasefire and the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechnya.
According to official data due to the action in place killing 129 civilians, while 415 were injured, also killed at least 25 members of the Russian forces. On the side of Chechen fighters killed 14 and wounded 30.
September 1, 2004, the school in Beslan, North Ossetia in Russia was controlled by a group of armed terrorists led by Shamil Basayev. Campus was surrounded by troops of the Russian army and special forces units. Negotiations with the assailants, after two days, yet unexplained reasons, there was a storm of Russian troops. According to anonymous witnesses the attack began, armed fathers of hostages. Chechens were extremely cruel, they didn’t allowed to bring water, food and medicines for the hostages or the elevation of dead bodies from the school.
The attackers demanded:
-release of rebels captured during the attack on Ingushetia 21-22 June 2004
-withdrawal of federal troops from Chechnya
-direct negotiations with the presidents of North Ossetia and Ingushetia
-Chechen independence
Approximately 400 people were killed, including about 171 children. Also killed 11special forces soldiers, and dozens were injured. Only one survived the Chechen attackers.
Russian President Vladimir Putin announced in 6 September two-day national mourning. To commemorate the event at the city cemetery in Beslan, in August 2005, has been installed a monument “tree of grief”.
Chechnya for many years was known as one of the most dangerous places for foreigners: Human Rights Watch gave in 2003 that there were disappearing on average2 people per day, which was the highest rate in the world, with about 2/3 kidnappings accounted rebels.
According to the Geneva Convention, a refugee is a person, which as a result of well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion is outside the country, which is citizens. Refugees from the Russian Federation remain one of the largest groups of refugees in Europe. The EU estimates there are currently 100,000 refugees from Chechnya outside Russia, mainly in EU Member States. Chechens in Poland is the largest ethnic group, who is seeking political refugee status. Today in Poland several thousand lives and every year a group of newcomers is decreasing. The authorities let in their home, not deported to Russia, but really not much they do, the Chechens for a time receive help, but they do not have a perspective of life in our country. After long-term fights 16. April 2009 Russia announced the end of the second Chechen war in fact military operations were also later being conducted.